IP-10/CXCL10 (mouse) ELISA

IP-10 (Interferon-gamma Inducible Protein-10 kD): Functions and Clinical Implications

Introduction: IP-10 (Interferon-gamma Inducible Protein-10 kD), also known as CXCL10, is a chemokine from the CXC subfamily. It is predominantly expressed by monocytes and plays a significant role in the immune system. Its functions and regulatory effects are crucial for both immune responses and pathological conditions.

Functions:

1. Chemotaxis:
• Cell Migration: IP-10 stimulates the migration of various immune cells, including monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and T-cells. This migration is essential for effective immune surveillance and response.
2. T-cell and Progenitor Maturation:
• T-cell Regulation: IP-10 regulates the maturation and function of T-cells and bone marrow progenitor cells, influencing the development of adaptive immune responses.
3. Adhesion Molecule Regulation:
• Modulation: It modulates the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and immune cells, affecting cell-cell interactions during inflammation.
4. Anti-Angiogenesis:
• Inhibition: IP-10 inhibits angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels), which contributes to its anti-tumoral effects by restricting the blood supply to tumors.

Receptor and Interactions:

• CXCR3 Receptor: IP-10 shares the CXCR3 receptor with another chemokine, MIG (Monokine Induced by Gamma Interferon). However, IP-10 and MIG serve distinct roles in host defense and inflammation.

Clinical Implications:

1. Infections and Immune Responses:
• Host Defense: IP-10 plays a critical role in host defense during infections, aiding in the recruitment and activation of immune cells.
2. Allergic Diseases:
• Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Elevated IP-10 levels are implicated in allergic contact dermatitis and other allergic conditions, suggesting a role in the regulation of allergic responses.
3. Neurological Conditions:
• Inflammation: IP-10 is involved in immune-mediated processes within the nervous system, including inflammation associated with neurological diseases like Alzheimer’s disease.
4. Lung Injury and Fibroproliferation:
• Fibroproliferation Regulation: IP-10 regulates fibroproliferation following inflammatory lung injury, impacting the repair process and scar formation in the lungs.

Conclusion: IP-10 (CXCL10) is a versatile chemokine with significant roles in immune cell migration, T-cell maturation, and anti-tumoral activity. Its involvement in various pathological conditions, including allergic diseases, neurological disorders, and lung injuries, underscores its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases. Understanding its functions and mechanisms can provide insights into novel treatment strategies and disease management.

This ELISA Kit from Tecan IBL International is for research use only.

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